Miskolc is a city in northeastern Hungary, located in the Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county. It is the fourth largest city in Hungary and the center of the Miskolc agglomeration. The city's earliest known mention is in the 12th century, when it was referred to as "Miskolczi". It has a long and rich history, and has been a major center of culture, industry, and commerce for centuries.
Miskolc is believed to have been founded in the 10th century by the Magyars, the nomadic people who eventually settled in Hungary. The city developed into an important trading center and was granted the status of a royal free city in the 13th century. During the Middle Ages, Miskolc was a powerful city-state and an important trading center, with a thriving economy based on the manufacture of weapons, tools, and textiles.
The city was a major center of the Reformation and was home to many famous religious figures, including Jan Hus, who was born in Miskolc in 1369. During the 16th century, Miskolc was at the center of the Counter-Reformation, and the city was home to many religious orders, including the Jesuits and Franciscans.
In the 17th century, Miskolc was a major center of the Hungarian Revolution of 1686, and the city was the site of the Battle of Miskolc, which was fought between the forces of the Habsburgs and the Hungarian rebels. The city was also the site of the Treaty of Miskolc, which ended the war in 1687.
In the 18th century, Miskolc was an important center of the Enlightenment, and the city was home to many prominent intellectuals and writers, including the poet Ferenc Kölcsey and the philosopher Ferenc József.
In the 19th century, Miskolc was a major center of the Hungarian National Awakening, and the city was home to many nationalist intellectuals, including the poet Sándor Petőfi and the writer Mór Jókai.
Miskolc was an important industrial center during the Industrial Revolution, and the city was home to many factories and industrial plants. The city was also the site of a major railway junction, and the city was an important transportation hub for much of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
During the 20th century, Miskolc was an important center of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, and the city was the site of the Battle of Miskolc, which was fought between the forces of the Soviet Union and the Hungarian rebels. The city was also the site of the Treaty of Miskolc, which ended the war in 1957.
Today, Miskolc is a major industrial and commercial center, and the city is home to many factories and industrial plants. The city is also home to a number of cultural institutions, including the Miskolc National Theater and the Miskolc Philharmonic Orchestra. The city is also home to many universities, including the University of Miskolc and the Miskolc Technical University.